Copper Vanadium Oxide

 Copper Vanadium Oxide

Copper is a Block D, Group 11, Period 4 element with an atomic weight of 63.546. The number of electrons in each of copper’s shells is 2, 8, 18, 1 and its electron configuration is [Ar] 3d¹⁰ 4s¹. The copper atom has a radius of 128 pm and a Van der Waals radius of 186 pm.

Copper was first discovered by Early Man prior to 9000 BC. In its elemental form, copper has a red-orange metallic luster appearance. Of all pure metals, only silver has a higher electrical conductivity.The origin of the word copper comes from the Latin word ‘cuprium’ which translates as “metal of Cyprus.” Cyprus, a Mediterranean island, was known as an ancient source of mined copper.

Vanadium:

Vanadium is a Block D, Group 5, Period 4 element with an atomic weight of 50.9415. The number of electrons in each of Vanadium’s shells is 2, 8, 11, 2 and its electron configuration is [Ar] 3d³ 4s². The vanadium atom has a radius of 134 pm and a Van der Waals radius of 179 pm.

Vanadium was discovered by Andres Manuel del Rio in 1801 and first isolated by Nils Gabriel Sefström in 1830. In its elemental form, vanadium has a bluish-silver appearance. It is a hard, ductile transition metal that is primarily used as a steel additive and in alloys such as Titanium-6AL-4V, which is composed of titanium, aluminum, and vanadium and is the most common titanium alloy commercially produced. Vanadium is found in fossil fuel deposits and 65 different minerals.

Vanadium is not found free in nature; however, once isolated it forms an oxide layer that stabilizes the free metal against further oxidation. Vanadium was named after the word “Vanadis” meaning goddess of beauty in Scandinavian mythology.

Related Information

Storage Conditions:

Airtight sealed, avoid light and keep dry at room temperature. 

Please contact us for customization and price inquiry

Email: contact@nanochemazone.com

Note: We supply different size ranges of Nano and micron as per the client’s requirements and also accept customization in various parameters

Ag-Doped Antibacterial Nanopowder Dispersion

Ag-Doped Antibacterial Nanopowder Dispersion Description :

Ag-Doped Antibacterial Nanopowder Dispersion is nanoparticles of silver of between 1 nm and 100 nm in size. While frequently described as being ‘silver’ some are composed of a large percentage of silver oxide due to their large ratio of surface to bulk silver atoms.

Numerous shapes of Ag-doped Antibacterial Nanopowder Dispersion can be constructed depending on the application at hand. Commonly used silver nanoparticles are spherical, but diamond, octagonal, and thin sheets are also common.

Their extremely large surface area permits the coordination of a vast number of ligands. The properties of silver nanoparticles applicable to human treatments are under investigation in laboratory and animal studies, assessing potential efficacy, toxicity, and costs.

The most common methods for nanoparticle synthesis fall under the category of wet chemistry or the nucleation of particles within a solution.

This nucleation occurs when a silver ion complex, usually Ag-Doped Antibacterial Nanopowder Dispersion, is reduced to colloidal silver in the presence of a reducing agent. When the concentration increases enough, dissolved metallic silver ions bind together to form a stable surface.

The surface is energetically unfavorable when the cluster is small because the energy gained by decreasing the concentration of dissolved particles is not as high as the energy lost from creating a new surface.

When the cluster reaches a certain size, known as the critical radius, it becomes energetically favorable, and thus stable enough to continue to grow.

This nucleus then remains in the system and grows as more silver atoms diffuse through the solution and attach it to the surface.

When the dissolved concentration of atomic silver decreases enough, it is no longer possible for enough atoms to bind together to form a stable nucleus.

At this nucleation threshold, new nanoparticles stop being formed, and the remaining dissolved silver is absorbed by diffusion into the growing nanoparticles in the solution.

As the particles grow, other molecules in the solution diffuse and attach to the surface. This process stabilizes the surface energy of the particle and blocks new silver ions from reaching the surface.

The attachment of these capping/stabilizing agents slows and eventually stops the growth of the particle.

The most common capping ligands are trisodium citrate and polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), but many others are also used in varying conditions to synthesize particles with particular sizes, shapes, and surface properties.

There are many different wet synthesis methods, including the use of reducing sugars, nitrate reduction, reduction via sodium borohydride.

The silver mirror reaction, the polyol process, seed-mediated growth, and light-mediated growth. Each of these methods, or a combination of methods, will offer differing degrees of control over the size distribution as well as distributions of geometric arrangements of the nanoparticle.

Ag-Doped Antibacterial Nanopowder Dispersion  Related Information

Storage Conditions:

Airtight sealed, avoid light and keep dry at room temperature.  

Please contact us for customization and price inquiry

Email: contact@nanochemazone.com

Note: We supply different size ranges of Nano and micron as per the client’s requirements and also accept customization in various parameters.